December 19, 2020

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April 09, 2020

Post-SSRI Sexual Dysfunction (PSSD): Ten Year Retrospective Chart Review (2020)

Journal of Urology Sexual Function/Dysfunction: Evaluation II (MP78)1 Apr 2020

MP78-15 POST-SSRI SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION (PSSD): TEN YEAR RETROSPECTIVE CHART REVIEW


    INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE:

    Post-SSRI Sexual Dysfunction (PSSD) is a poorly understood, iatrogenic, distressing, multidimensional sexual health condition that occurs in young patients and includes ED, hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD), orgasmic dysfunction, and/or decreased genital sensation, that despite discontinuation of SSRI/SNRI agents, persists > 6 mo. We wished to better understand PSSD, the frequency/severity of symptoms, and the results of diagnostic testing.

    METHODS:

    A retrospective review was performed of charts from 2009 to 2019. Patients reported their symptoms, completed the IIEF, and underwent a grayscale/Doppler ultrasound during pharmacological erection (15.4 MHz probe; Aixplorer® Ultrasound) and Quantitative Sensory Testing (QST) (vibration, hot and cold perception testing).

    RESULTS:

    43 male patients (mean age 31, range 18 – 59) met the criteria for PSSD; 4% of the male patients seen during this period. The most common symptom was ED in 93% (40/43). The mean IIEF-EF score was 12.9/30. The most common EF domain score was consistent with severe ED 49% (16/33), followed by mild-moderate 24% (8/33), moderate 9% (3/33), and mild 9% (3/33). A total of 9% (3/33) had no ED. For ED patients who underwent grayscale/Doppler ultrasound, 79% (23/29) had varying degrees of erectile tissue inhomogeneity (hypo- and hyperechoic regions noted). The mean cavernosal artery PSV values were left 30.3 cm/sec and right 31.7 cm/sec. Concomitant sexual health concerns of HSDD, orgasmic dysfunction, and decreased genital sensation were noted in 86% (38/43), 72% (31/43), and 67% (29/43) of patients, respectively. For patients with orgasmic dysfunction and/or decreased genital sensation who underwent QST testing, 89% (25/28) had abnormal results.

    CONCLUSIONS:

    This series of PSSD patients examined clinically is larger than any in the peer-reviewed literature. Consistent with other reports on PSSD, our patients are young, have ED in most cases, and frequently have concomitant HSDD, poor orgasm and decreased genital sensation. New information includes the facts that 1) ED is most often severe, 2) erectile tissue inhomogeneity is common, consistent with erectile tissue fibrosis/decreased erectile tissue expandability as an underlying vascular ED pathophysiology, and 3) decreased genital sensation from neurological dysfunction is frequent in this population. Providers need to be aware that the persistent sexual health consequences following SSRI/SNRI discontinuation are significant and patients should be referred to sexual medicine specialists for management.

    Source of Funding:

    No funding.

    March 15, 2020

    Antidepressant‐induced sexual dysfunction (2020)

    Jody Rothmore
    Med J Aust || doi: 10.5694/mja2.50522
    Published online: 16 March 2020

    Summary
    • Sexual dysfunction is a frequent, potentially distressing, adverse effect of antidepressants and a leading cause of medication non‐adherence. Sexual function should be actively assessed at baseline, at regular intervals during treatment, and after treatment cessation. 
    • Trials comparing the risk of sexual dysfunction with individual antidepressants are inadequate, but it is reasonable to conclude that the risk is greatest with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), less with tricyclic antidepressants (except clomipramine) and mirtazapine, and least with moclobemide, agomelatine, reboxetine and bupropion. 
    • Management of antidepressant‐induced sexual dysfunction requires an individualised approach (eg, considering other causes, dose reduction, addition of medication to treat the adverse effect, switching to a different antidepressant). 
    • Post‐SSRI sexual dysfunction has been recently identified as a potential, although rare, adverse effect of SSRIs and SNRIs. Consider the possibility of post‐SSRI sexual dysfunction in patients in whom sexual dysfunction was absent before starting antidepressants but develops during or soon after antidepressant treatment and still persists after remission from depression and discontinuation of the drug.


    February 28, 2020

    Post-SSRI sexual dysfunction (2020)



    BMJ 2020368 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m754 (Published 27 February 2020)Cite this as: BMJ 2020;368:m754

    Post-SSRI sexual dysfunction


    An important iatrogenic condition, recognised by regulators
    Sexual difficulties after treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) were first reported to regulators in 1991, but it was only in 2006 that these symptoms were formally characterised as a syndrome, now known as post-SSRI sexual dysfunction.12
    In May 2019, the pharmacovigilance risk assessment committee of the European Medicines Agency concluded that post-SSRI sexual dysfunction is a medical condition that can persist after discontinuation of SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). A month later, EMA recommended that product information on all relevant antidepressants should be updated to reflect reports of long term sexual dysfunction after treatment.3


    Post-SSRI sexual dysfunction is under-recognised and can be debilitating both psychologically and physically. Symptoms include genital numbness, decreased sex drive (libido), erectile dysfunction, failure to become aroused or orgasm, pleasureless or weak orgasm, and premature ejaculation. The sensory changes may extend beyond the genital area to a …

    February 19, 2020

    Are There Any Sex/Gender Differences in Post-Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI) Sexual Dysfunction? (2019)


    Female Sexual Dysfunction and Disorders (T Lorenz and R Nappi, Section Editors)
    Published: 28 October 2019

    Are There Any Sex/Gender Differences in Post-Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI) Sexual Dysfunction (PSDD)?

    Y. Reisman
    Current Sexual Health Reports volume 11, pages237–242(2019)Cite this article


    Abstract

    Purpose of Review

    Because of the sex/gender differences in the manifestation of depression, one can assume the possible existence of gender differences in post-SSRI sexual dysfunction (PSSD). This article tries to summarize the available data on sex/gender differences in PSSD and to evaluate if different approaches in diagnosis or treatment of different genders are needed.

    Recent Findings

    Depression is a leading cause of disability worldwide. Studies observed gender differences in prevalence and clinical presentation of depression, adherence to treatment and pharmacological features of antidepressant treatment. Sexual adverse events during the use of antidepressants are well-known and occur frequently. PSSD has been recently recognized as a medical condition that can outlast discontinuation of SSRI and SNRI antidepressants. The published literature on PSDD is lacking a clear definition of PSSD and data on possible sex/gender differences are very limited. The available information shows some gender differences in frequency of the different presented symptoms, but development of validated clinical assessment instruments of all possible sexual complaints, including genital anesthesia and pleasureless orgasm, is necessary.

    Summary

    The available scientific literature is lacking profound information about the extent, the mechanism, and possible treatment of PSSD and sex/gender differences as well. Physicians should assess sexual function prior, during, and also after treatment with antidepressants and be aware of the possibility of PSSD. Physicians should inform their patients about the possible sexual consequences of antidepressant treatment and include it, when possible, in the treatment decision-making process.

    https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11930-019-00222-x

    January 17, 2020

    A Paradigmatic Case of Postselective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors Sexual Dysfunction or Withdrawal After Discontinuation of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors? (2020)

     2020 Jan/Feb;40(1):93-95. doi: 10.1097/JCP.0000000000001154.

    A Paradigmatic Case of Postselective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors Sexual Dysfunction or Withdrawal After Discontinuation of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors?


    1
    Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy Department of Health Sciences University of Florence Florence, Italy Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands fiammetta.cosci@unifi.it.
    PMID:
     
    31834096
     
    DOI:
     
    10.1097/JCP.0000000000001154

    January 05, 2020

    Post-SSRI Sexual Dysfunction: A Bioelectric Mechanism? (2019)



    Post-SSRI Sexual Dysfunction: A Bioelectric Mechanism?


    David Healy , Joshua LaPalme , and Michael Levin

    Published Online: 12 Dec 2019 https://doi.org/10.1089/bioe.2019.0010

    Abstract


    Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) drugs, targeting serotonin transport, are widely used. A puzzling and biomedically important phenomenon concerns the persistent sexual dysfunction following SSRI use seen in some patients. What could be the mechanism of a persistent physiological state brought on by a transient exposure to serotonin transport blockers? In this study, we briefly review the clinical facts concerning this side effect of serotonin reuptake inhibitors and suggest a possible mechanism. Bioelectric circuits (among neural or non-neural cells) could persistently maintain alterations of bioelectric cell properties (resting potential), resulting in long-term changes in electrophysiology and signaling. We present new data revealing this phenomenon in planarian flatworms, in which brief SSRI exposures induce long-lasting changes in resting potential profile. We also briefly review recent data linking neurotransmitter signaling to developmental bioelectrics. Further study of tissue bioelectric memory could enable the design of ionoceutical interventions to counteract side effects of SSRIs and similar drugs.

    October 02, 2019

    Clinical judgments, not algorithms, are key to patient safety—an essay by David Healy and Dee Mangin 2019

    Clinical judgments, not algorithms, are key to patient safety—an essay by David Healy and Dee Mangin


    BMJ 2019; 367 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l5777 (Published 02 October 2019)  
    Cite this as: BMJ 2019;367:l5777
    1. David Healy, professor1,  
    2. Dee Mangin, professor2
      Author affiliations
    1. 1Department of Psychiatry, Bangor University, Wales
    2. 2Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Ontario
    1. Correspondence to: david.healy54@googlemail.com
    When it comes to detecting harms related to drugs, clinicians’ and patients’ judgment trumps trials, say David Healy and Dee Mangin. Failure to realise this is the greatest threat to the safety of medicines
    Immediately on taking a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), most people have some genital anaesthesia.1 This may be aggravated on withdrawal of the drug and can remain for years after treatment has stopped, constituting post-SSRI sexual dysfunction (PSSD).2 The first case of PSSD was reported to regulators in 1987, even before fluoxetine was approved. While sexual dysfunction features in the labels of SSRIs, neither genital anaesthesia nor PSSD does. The fluoxetine label states that “there are no adequate and well-controlled studies examining sexual dysfunction with fluoxetine treatment.” The citalopram label acknowledges “some evidence suggests that SSRIs can cause such untoward sexual experiences.”
    A standard refrain is that randomised clinical trials of short duration and small size have limited ability to detect rare effects of drugs, implying that longer trials are all that’s needed. But as indicated by the sexual effects of SSRIs, which are more common than their mood effects,1 a possibly greater problem lies not in whether we can detect rare adverse events but in our limited ability to detect common ones. Fetishising RCTs as medicine’s only true tool for establishing drug-effect relations may be one reason for this problem.


    The gold standard way to miss adverse events


    In 1962, in the wake of the thalidomide disaster, RCTs—a then poorly understood technique brought into the mainstream by the English epidemiologist Austin Bradford Hill—were adopted in amendments to the US Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act to buttress the safety of medicines by keeping ineffective drugs off the market, even though Bradford Hill’s landmark RCT of streptomycin offered less information on the drug’s benefits and side effects than prior clinical …

    https://www.bmj.com/content/367/bmj.l5777

    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31578186

    September 24, 2019

    Post-SSRI sexual dysfunction & other enduring sexual dysfunctions (2019)



    2019 Sep 23:1-2. doi: 10.1017/S2045796019000519. [Epub ahead of print]

    Post-SSRI sexual dysfunction & other enduring sexual dysfunctions.

    Healy D1.
    1 Bangor University, Psychiatry, Bangor, Gwynedd, UK.

    Abstract

    Enduring sexual difficulties following treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants have been reported to regulators since 1991, but it was only in 2006 that a formal post-SSRI sexual dysfunction syndrome was reported. The clinical, research and regulatory implications of this syndrome are considerable and researchers using epidemiological methods are well placed to map out the contours of the problem and perhaps pinpoint possible treatments.

    KEYWORDS:

    Adverse effects; antidepressants; drug side effects other; sexual dysfunction
    PMID:
    31543091
    DOI:
    10.1017/S2045796019000519

    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31543091



    Persistent adverse effects of antidepressants (2019)



    2019 Sep 23:1-2. doi: 10.1017/S2045796019000520. [Epub ahead of print]

    Persistent adverse effects of antidepressants.

    1 Division of Psychiatry, University College London, Gower street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.

    KEYWORDS:

    Adverse effects; antidepressants; drug side effects other; psychotropic drugs; sexual dysfunction
    PMID:
    31543093
    DOI:
    10.1017/S2045796019000520

    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31543093

    September 13, 2019

    Sexual Side Effects of Antidepressant Medications: An Informed Consent Accountability Gap (2008)


    Volume 39, Issue 2pp 135–143|

    Sexual Side Effects of Antidepressant Medications: An Informed Consent Accountability Gap

    Audrey S. Bahrick (1), Mark M. Harris

    1. University Counseling Service, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA

    Abstract

    Sexual side effects of antidepressant medications are far more common than initially reported, and their scope, quality, and duration remain poorly captured in the literature. Antidepressant treatment emergent sexual dysfunctions may decrease clients’ quality of life, complicate psychotherapy, and damage the treatment alliance. Potential damage to the treatment alliance is greatest when clients have not been adequately informed of risks related to sexual side effects. It had previously been assumed that sexual side effects always resolve shortly after medications are discontinued. Emerging evidence, however, suggests that in some individuals, sexual dysfunction side effects may persist indefinitely. The authors argue that all psychologists should be well-informed about sexual side effects risks of antidepressant medications, should routinely conduct a pre-medication baseline assessment of sexual functioning, and take an active role in the informed consent process.

    Keywords: Antidepressant sexual side effects SSRIs Sexual dysfunction Iatrogenic Informed consent


    Link https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10879-008-9094-0 
    Full text
    https://www.researchgate.net/publication/225332168_Sexual_Side_Effects_of_Antidepressant_Medications_An_Informed_Consent_Accountability_Gap



    August 29, 2019

    Post-SSRI sexual dysfunction: Patient experiences of engagement with healthcare professionals. (2019)

     2019 Aug 19. doi: 10.3233/JRS-191005. [Epub ahead of print]

    Post-SSRI sexual dysfunction: Patient experiences of engagement with healthcare professionals.

    1
    Department of Psychological Medicine, North Wales, Bangor, Wales, UK.
    2
    Department of Family Medicine, David Braley and Nancy Gordon Chair of Family Medicine, McMaster University, ON, Canada.

    Abstract

    OBJECTIVE:

    A petition to the European Medicines Agency provided an opportunity to collect reports of a specific adverse event from patients and healthcare professionals, along with details of clinicians' attitudes when asked to endorse patient reports.

    METHODS:

    We approached a cohort of patients reporting post-SSRI sexual dysfunction (PSSD) to an adverse event reporting website, RxISK.org. The responses of patients on their interactions with healthcare professionals were subject to a qualitative analysis.

    RESULTS:

    A total of 62 participants from 23 countries provided details of their experiences. While some had received support and validation of their condition, many described a number of difficulties including a lack of awareness or knowledge about PSSD, not being listed to, receiving unsympathetic or inappropriate responses, and a refusal to engage with the published medical literature.

    CONCLUSIONS:

    Healthcare professionals are nervous about or reluctant to engage with novel problems on a treatment. This is not widely appreciated and the reasons for this concern are not understood.

    KEYWORDS:

    Post-SSRI sexual dysfunction (PSSD); antidepressants; erectile dysfunction; genital anaesthesia; selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
    PMID:
      
    31450514
      
    DOI:
      
    10.3233/JRS-191005

    LINK: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31450514

    FULL TEXT: https://rxisk.org/pssd-patient-experiences/
     

    January 15, 2019

    Towards improving post-SSRI sexual dysfunction by using nutriceuticals: Lessons from a case study. (2019)





     2019 Jan 14:1-7. doi: 10.1080/0092623X.2018.1556755. [Epub ahead of print]

    Towards improving post-SSRI sexual dysfunction by using nutriceuticals: Lessons from a case study.


    1
    a IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo" , Messina , Italy .
    2
    b DISCAB, University of L'Aquila , L'Aquila , Italy.

    Abstract

    Post-selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) sexual dysfunction (PSSD) is a new clinical entity occurring after the antidepressant intake, and it is characterized by the fact that patients continue to present sexual side effects after the discontinuation of the drugs. PSSD mainly consists of hypo-anesthesia of the genital area, loss of libido, and erectile dysfunction. Although different management options have been proposed, there is no consensus on the treatment for this syndrome. Herein we report on a young man affected by PSSD who regained sexual functioning after 3-month treatment with EDOVIS, a dietary supplement containing L-citrulline and other commonly used aphrodisiacs. Clinicians should be aware about the possibility of persistent sexual side effects induced by serotoninergic antidepressants and take into considerations the use of nutraceuticals to overcome PSSD.

    KEYWORDS:

    L-citrulline; SSRI; dietary supplements; iatrogenic sexual dysfunction

    October 21, 2018

    The Effect of Citalopram on Genome-Wide DNA Methylation of Human Cells (2018)



    . 2018; 2018: 8929057.
    Published online 2018 Jul 25. doi:  10.1155/2018/8929057

    The Effect of Citalopram on Genome-Wide DNA Methylation of Human Cells

    Antonei B. Csoka: ude.drawoh@akosc.ienotna
    Academic Editor: Igor Koturbash

    Abstract


    Commonly used pharmaceutical drugs might alter the epigenetic state of cells, leading to varying degrees of long-term repercussions to human health. To test this hypothesis, we cultured HEK-293 cells in the presence of 50 μM citalopram, a common antidepressant, for 30 days and performed whole-genome DNA methylation analysis using the NimbleGen Human DNA Methylation 3x720K Promoter Plus CpG Island Array. A total of 626 gene promoters, out of a total of 25,437 queried genes on the array (2.46%), showed significant differential methylation (p < 0.01); among these, 272 were hypomethylated and 354 were hypermethylated in treated versus control. Using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis, we found that the chief gene networks and signaling pathways that are differentially regulated include those involved in nervous system development and function and cellular growth and proliferation. Genes implicated in depression, as well as genetic networks involving nucleic acid metabolism, small molecule biochemistry, and cell cycle regulation were significantly modified. Involvement of upstream regulators such as BDNF, FSH, and NFκB was predicted based on differential methylation of their downstream targets. The study validates our hypothesis that pharmaceutical drugs can have off-target epigenetic effects and reveals affected networks and pathways. We view this study as a first step towards understanding the long-term epigenetic consequences of prescription drugs on human health.
    PMID:
     
    30148158
     
    PMCID:
     
    PMC6083487
     
    DOI:
     
    10.1155/2018/8929057

    June 13, 2018

    Citizen petition: Sexual side effects of SSRIs and SNRIs (2018)



     2018;29(3-4):135-147. doi: 10.3233/JRS-180745.

    Citizen petition: Sexual side effects of SSRIs and SNRIs.

    1
    Data Based Medicine Americas Ltd., 95 Sandringham Drive, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M3H 1E1. Email: david.healy@rxisk.org.
    PMID:
     
    29733031
     
    DOI:
     
    10.3233/JRS-180745

    LINK: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29733031

    FULL TEXT: https://rxisk.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/JRS745-1.pdf

    June 12, 2018

    Enduring sexual dysfunction after treatment with antidepressants, 5α-reductase inhibitors and isotretinoin: 300 cases (2018)



     2018;29(3-4):125-134. doi: 10.3233/JRS-180744.

    Enduring sexual dysfunction after treatment with antidepressants, 5α-reductase inhibitors and isotretinoin: 300 cases.

    Healy D1Le Noury J1Mangin D2.


    1
    North Wales Department of Psychological Medicine, Bangor, Wales, UK.
    2
    David Braley and Nancy Gordon Chair of Family Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, ON, Canada.

    Abstract

    OBJECTIVE:

    To investigate clinical reports of post-SSRI sexual dysfunction (PSSD), post-finasteride syndrome (PFS) and enduring sexual dysfunction following isotretinoin.

    METHODS:

    Data from RxISK.org, a global adverse event reporting website, have been used to establish the clinical features, demographic details and clinical trajectories of syndromes of persistent sexual difficulties following three superficially different treatment modalities.

    RESULTS: We report on 300 cases of enduring sexual dysfunction from 37 countries following 14 different drugs comprised of serotonin reuptake inhibiting antidepressants, 5α-reductase inhibitors and isotretinoin. While reports of certain issues were unique to the antidepressants, such as the onset of premature ejaculation and persistent genital arousal disorder (PGAD), there was also a significant overlap in symptom profile between the drug groups, with common features including genital anaesthesia, pleasureless or weak orgasm, loss of libido and impotence. Secondary consequences included relationship breakdown and impaired quality of life.

    CONCLUSIONS: These data point to a legacy syndrome or syndromes comprising a range of disturbances to sexual function. More detailed studies will require developments in coding systems that recognise the condition(s). Further exploration of these tardive sexual syndromes may yield greater understanding of tardive syndromes in general.

    KEYWORDS:

    Post-SSRI sexual dysfunction (PSSD); antidepressants; erectile dysfunction; finasteride; isotretinoin; selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
    PMID:
     
    29733030
     
    DOI:
     
    10.3233/JRS-180744


    LINK: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29733030
    FULL TEXThttps://rxisk.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/JRS744-2.pdf

    Post-finasteride syndrome and post-SSRI sexual dysfunction: two sides of the same coin? (2018)



     2018 Apr 19. doi: 10.1007/s12020-018-1593-5. [Epub ahead of print]

    Post-finasteride syndrome and post-SSRI sexual dysfunction: two sides of the same coin?

    1
    Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
    2
    Dipartimento di Neuroscienze "Rita Levi Montalcini", Università degli studi di Torino, Neuroscience Institute Cavallieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Orbassano, Italy.
    3
    Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy. roberto.melcangi@unimi.it.

    Abstract

    Sexual dysfunction is a clinical condition due to different causes including the iatrogenic origin. For instance, it is well known that sexual dysfunction may occur in patients treated with antidepressants like selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI). A similar side effect has been also reported during treatment with finasteride, an inhibitor of the enzyme 5alpha-reductase, for androgenetic alopecia. Interestingly, sexual dysfunction persists in both cases after drug discontinuation. These conditions have been named post-SSRI sexual dysfunction (PSSD) and post-finasteride syndrome (PFS). In particular, feeling of a lack of connection between the brain and penis, loss of libido and sex drive, difficulty in achieving an erection and genital paresthesia have been reported by patients of both conditions. It is interesting to note that the incidence of these diseases is probably so far underestimated and their etiopathogenesis is not sufficiently explored. To this aim, the present review will report the state of art of these two different pathologies and discuss, on the basis of the role exerted by three different neuromodulators such as dopamine, serotonin and neuroactive steroids, whether the persistent sexual dysfunction observed could be determined by common mechanisms.

    KEYWORDS:

    Dopamine; Neuroactive steroids; Serotonin; Sexual behavior

    Post-SSRI Sexual Dysfunction: Preclinical to Clinical. Is It Fact or Fiction? (2018)



     2018 Apr;6(2):217-223. doi: 10.1016/j.sxmr.2017.11.004. Epub 2018 Feb 17.

    Post-SSRI Sexual Dysfunction: Preclinical to Clinical. Is It Fact or Fiction?

    1
    Department of Urology, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address: enisraufcoskuner@hotmail.com.
    2
    Department of Urology, Health Sciences University, Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
    3
    Department of Urology, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
    4
    Department of Psychology, Acibadem Bakirkoy Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

    Abstract

    INTRODUCTION:

    Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are a widely used class of drug for various psychiatric disorders during the lifespan, including pregnancy, lactation, childhood, and adolescence. Deterioration in sexual functioning is a major and serious adverse effect of SSRIs. There is emerging evidence that SSRIs can have long-lasting effects on sexuality.

    AIM:

    To summarize the long-lasting effects of SSRIs on sexuality, starting with animal models and continuing with the clinical experience of different investigators.

    METHOD:

    A literature review of relevant publications in PubMed.

    MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:

    To assess the long-lasting effects of SSRIs on sexuality.

    RESULTS:

    Although the persistent effects of SSRIs on sexuality have been little studied in humans, animal studies suggest that SSRIs might cause permanent sexual dysfunction after ending SSRI exposure at a young age but not in adulthood in rats. There are no prospective randomized controlled trials in humans and the present evidence is derived from case reports, incidental research findings, and experiences of some internet communities.

    CONCLUSION:

    There is some preclinical evidence from animal studies for enduring SSRI-induced sexual dysfunction, but the available clinical information could prevent a clear decision about the existence of post-SSRI sexual dysfunction, its pathophysiology, and its management. We need more research to fill in the gaps in our knowledge. Coskuner ER, Culha MG, Ozkan B, Kaleagasi EO. Post-SSRI Sexual Dysfunction: Preclinical to Clinical. Is It Fact or Fiction? Sex Med Rev 2018;6:217-223.

    KEYWORDS:

    Post-SSRI Syndrome; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; Serotonin; Sexual Dysfunction